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中新网评：美国众议长选举“连续剧”暴露美式民主痼疾******

　　中新网北京1月9日电(蒋鲤)在15轮投票表决后，美国众议院议长选举这场“连续剧”终于落下帷幕，众议院共和党领袖凯文·麦卡锡最终成功当选第55任美国众议院议长。这是美国国会过去164年来耗时最久的一次议长选举记录，将美国“对抗式民主”的弊端暴露无遗。

　　资料图：美国众议院共和党领袖麦卡锡。中新社记者 沙晗汀摄

　　由于两党对立加剧、党派内斗、利益分配不均等因素，众议长选举陷入一场拉锯战。在此次众议长竞选中，美国民主党议员继续抱团，多轮投票中，一票不投麦卡锡，共和党右翼“强硬派”领头的约20人小团体也拒绝投票麦卡锡。

　　麦卡锡的当选之路一波三折，除了本人的“政治投机派”角色在国会不受欢迎外，与共和党内部政治分歧关系密切。

　　一方面，共和党党内反对者认为，麦卡锡对民主党态度过于软弱，无力对抗民主党控制的参议院和拜登政府，另一方面，因为共和党的多数优势微弱，党内一些影响力较小的派系的政治力量则被放大，有利于他们巩固自己的选票。

　　此外，党内反对者也认为，自己的选票没有换取更多利益，希望以此作为筹码换取麦卡锡更大的让步，比如让他们获得众议院重要委员会中的职务。

　　作为仅次于美国总统、副总统的政坛三号人物，众议院议长通常由众议院多数党领袖担任，选举几乎没有悬念。然而，麦卡锡此次为当选，不得不做出多个关键让步，其中可能包括恢复一项罢黜议长动议机制，使得众议长的权力被削弱，难以掌控众议院。

　　美国有线电视新闻网CNN称，麦卡锡在这场不合时宜的政治勒索中作出让步，这种绥靖政策只会让极端主义势力更加强大。

　　这场引发全世界围观的尴尬选举暴露出美国政治存在严重的对立和分化。在权力博弈思维的裹挟下，党派利益凌驾于国家和人民利益之上，美国两党相互拆台，陷入“为反对而反对”的无脑对垒。而即便是一党内，也会因为利益分配问题产生不同的小派系，相互对抗，选票变成了谋利益的工具。

　　从国会山骚乱到打破记历史记录的15轮众议长选举，“对抗式民主”让美国政治陷入瓶颈，长期对抗势必会让政客们丧失客观公正的判断能力，其政治阶层是否有能力治理国家也会引发质疑。

　　两党之争和党派内斗进一步放大了美国政治体制弊病，美国所谓的“民主”形象，让全世界大跌眼镜。鼓吹以选民利益为先的美式选举，变成了政客们利益置换的游戏，进一步彰显出美国“民主政治”日渐失能，不断极化的党争已使美国政治制度陷入死循环。

　　House speaker election reveals deep-rooted problems in U.S. democracy

　　(ECNS) -- The Republican leader Kevin McCarthy was elected as the 55th speaker of the U.S. House of Representatives after 15 ballots. As the most grueling House speaker election in the past 164 years, the election has highlighted the defects of the country’s "confrontational democracy".

　　The election once reached a stalemate due to intense partisan strife, inner-party struggle among the Republicans, uneven distribution of interests, and more. Democratic Party members forged a close alliance, refusing to vote for McCarthy, while about 20 Republicans also declined to cast ballots for the GOP leader.

　　Except for his unpopular role as a "political speculator" in Congress, McCarthy’s hard-won election can be attributed to turmoil within the Republican Party.

　　On the one hand, opponents in the Republican Party believe that the GOP leader's attitude toward the Democrats is too weak to confront the Senate controlled by Democrats and the Biden administration.

　　On the other hand, the political power of some less influential factions in the Republican Party has been amplified due to the Party’s weak majority advantage in the House of Representatives, which is conducive to consolidating their ticket warehouses.

　　Meanwhile, these opponents believe that their votes failed to win them more benefits, hoping to use this as a bargaining chip for McCarthy's further concessions, such as getting them positions in important House Committees.

　　As the third political figure after the President and Vice President of the U.S., the speaker, by tradition, is the head of the majority party in the House of Representatives.

　　But McCarthy has made many concessions in order to bring the ultra conservatives along, involving what’s known as the “motion to vacate,” a mechanism by which members can force a vote to depose the speaker. The reported concessions will empower individual members at the expense of McCarthy’s sway as speaker.

　　CNN thought the concessions he made during this unseemly political shakedown would only make the extremist faction more powerful.

　　This embarrassing election, which has drawn global attention, exposed the serious opposition and polarization in American politics. Both Democrats and Republicans put their interests before that of the country and its people, attacking and opposing each other irrationally.

　　Besides, different factions arise within a single party and confront each other because of the distribution of interests. Votes have become a tool to win more benefits.

　　From Capitol riots to the House Speaker election with record-breaking ballots, "confrontational democracy" has become a bottleneck of American politics. Long-term confrontation will surely impede politicians to think objectively and fairly while their capacity of governing the country will also raise doubts among the public.

　　Both parties’ struggle and infighting among the Republicans have further amplified the defects of the American political system, with its "democratic" image shocking the world.

　　The U.S.-style election, which advocates putting voters' interests first, has become a game of interest exchange among politicians. In addition, it further demonstrates the malfunction of American "democratic politics" and the constantly polarized party struggle that has trapped the American political system into an infinite cycle.

听！台湾各界期盼两岸交流“春暖花开”******

　　新华社台北2月1日电(记者赵博、黄扬)“我想去北京吃烤鸭、去东北看雪，还想在台北请大陆小伙伴吃麻油鸡、看海……”新春伊始，一位岛内友人兴致勃勃地向记者说起今年的愿望。

　　这位友人的期盼，反映了岛内多数民众的心声。连日来，台湾各界人士和舆论纷纷发声，呼吁早日恢复两岸人员往来正常化、两岸各领域交流合作常态化。

　　“疫情趋缓，两岸交流的外在大环境较先前更好。”台湾政治大学东亚研究所特聘教授王信贤接受台湾《中国时报》采访时表示，期待民进党当局对两岸间的各式交流能乐观看待。

　　台湾大学政治系教授左正东认为，民间交流及两岸之间的相互认识、累积彼此善意，非常重要。两岸交流不只是人员往来，而是为两岸对话创造条件，更是两岸和平稳定所需要的社会环境。

　　“请给台海和平一个机会、给台湾未来一条生路。”中国国民党前主席洪秀柱在社交媒体个人账号上说，疫情寒冬已逐渐走远，两岸僵局也该冰消雪融，希望民进党当局不要再不择手段阻碍两岸交流。

　　此间舆论也一针见血指出，民进党当局如不在政策思维上改弦更张，很难在两岸交流上有所突破。

　　《联合报》刊发“重磅快评”指出，过去三年，民进党有意借疫情割裂两岸人民之间多年筑起的感情，刻意制造鄙夷、憎恶甚至是歧视大陆的情绪。快评指出，如何真正回到疫情前，甚至回到2008年至2016年时期那一个风平浪静的台海，每个台湾人都该深自思考！

　　民间之所盼，能否成为施政之所向？据记者观察，进入新年，与两岸相关的新闻备受岛内关注，折射出民心向背。

　　国台办日前宣布，经有关主管部门审核，对金门酒厂等符合要求的63家台湾企业予以注册或更新注册信息。发言人马晓光答问表示，对部分台湾食品企业注册信息不完整、不规范的问题，我们愿意继续予以协助解决，为台湾食品输入大陆提供便利。

　　对此，台湾各家主流媒体均进行了较为详细的报道。据“联合新闻网”报道，台立法机构国民党团总召曾铭宗认为，这有助于两岸经贸文化交流往来。他呼吁两岸强化沟通交流，“有交流沟通才能建立互信，让两岸关系朝正向良性发展”。

　　台湾工业总会呼吁，当局应重视大陆的经济地位，进而力求经济稳定、社会安定、两岸和平发展。台湾商业总会理事长赖正镒则表示，期待两岸短期内可增加直航航点，提振岛内消费市场。

　　正在台湾休假的旺旺集团北京首席代表林天良直言，多数台商都反映目前两岸直航航点太少，希望能恢复到疫情前的数量，方便台商来往两岸，也希望尽早重启两岸旅游，振兴观光产业。

　　冬去春来，岛内期盼两岸交流“春暖花开”的呼声日渐高涨，普遍要求民进党当局别再以疫情为借口阻挡两岸交流，尽快撤除对两岸人员往来和交流合作设置的障碍。

　　耐人寻味的是，台当局交通主管部门负责人日前透露，今年的目标是600万人次旅客来台观光，“其中100万是陆客”。但问题是，台当局如何才能争取百万陆客放心、舒心赴台？

　　（文图：赵筱尘 巫邓炎）